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>[[attachment:2007-12-07-222200_1024x768_scrot.jpg|View Full Size]]|| IceWM is a window manager like [[Fluxbox]] or [[Metacity]]. It is not a desktop environment like Gnome or KDE (and is usually used independently of one). It is designed for lightweight simplicity and ease of use, but not focused on customizability. The look and feel is similar to that of Windows 95. There is also Icebuntu, a Ubuntu based distribution that uses IceWM as the default Window Manager. More information on this project can be found [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DerivativeTeam/Derivatives/IceBuntu|here]] = Why should I use IceWM? = There are many reasons why you may want to run IceWM instead of Gnome or KDE. One important reason is that IceWM requires very little memory, and this can be important to systems that have little memory to begin with, or ones where every bit is needed (for hardcore gamers, for example). Others like to set up IceWM for their family members who just want something that looks and acts like Windows, and doesn't get in their way. IceWM is also known for being so simple and plain, that you forget it's there. This is a good thing for expert users who don't need to customize the look of their desktop every day but just have something that's solid and easy on the eyes. Various Screenshots of IceWM can also be found [[http://www.lynucs.org/?icewm|here]] and [[http://linux.softpedia.com/progScreenshots/IceWM-Screenshot-3302.html|here]] = Installing IceWM = (''The following installation instructions assume you are installing IceWM on a default Ubuntu installation, which uses GDM or KDM. Users wishing to install the absolute minimum should first consult the [[Installation/LowMemorySystems]] wikipage for instructions more particularly directed to minimal installations.'') This is the easy part. IceWM is in the universe repositories. Enable the universe repositories (if necessary) and then install the following packages: {{{icewm icewm-themes}}}. {{{ $ sudo apt-get install icewm icewm-themes }}} Additional packages can be installed to enable IceWM customisation via a graphical user interface ({{{icemc iceconf}}}). {{{ $ sudo apt-get install icemc iceconf }}} Furthermore, an additional package can be installed to enable automatic integration of gnome menus into the IceWM startmenu ({{{icewm-gnome-support}}}). {{{ $ sudo apt-get install icewm-gnome-support }}} After you install, logout and select IceWM on the Sessions menu. = Configuration = == Preferences == In the Unix tradition, IceWM uses plain text files stored in the ~/.icewm folder for its settings. Originally they are at /usr/share/icewm, so you may create the .icewm folder in you home directory and copy the 'keys', 'menu', 'preferences', 'toolbar' and 'winoptions' files to it so you may configure IceWM without needing to be root. The most important file is ~/.icewm/preferences. It can be edited by hand, but the easiest way is to use the graphical configuration tool iceconf. {{{ $ iceconf }}} There are many configuration options in ~/.icewm/preferences but two of them are almost essential if IceWM is to become your day-to-day window manager: {{{ # Command to shutdown the system ShutdownCommand="sudo poweroff" # Command to reboot the system RebootCommand="sudo reboot" }}} otherwise you'll have to logout to be able to reboot or shutdown. But for these commands to work you must edit /etc/sudoers so they can be executed without a password. For this, use {{{visudo}}}, which checks for any mistakes that may have been made while editing: {{{ $ sudo visudo }}} then add this line at the end of the file (replacing enteryourusernamehere with your username): {{{ enteryourusernamehere ALL=NOPASSWD: /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot }}} == Menus == If you wish to edit IceWM's menus (~/.icewm/menu), you can do so graphically using the icemc tool: {{{ $ icemc }}} Alternatively you may add menu items by editing ~/.icewm/menu. The syntax is simple: {{{ prog "name" icon command }}} where: * ''name'' is the text to be displayed on the menu e.g.: {{{"VLC Media Player"}}}. * ''icon'' is an icon name in /usr/share/pixmaps or an icon path; e.g.: {{{vlc}}} or {{{/usr/share/icons/hicolor/16x16/apps/vlc.png}}}. * ''command'' is the command to launch the application or the path to its executable; e.g.: {{{vlc}}} or {{{/usr/bin/vlc}}}. Here's an example: {{{ prog "firefox" /usr/share/app-install/icons/firefox.png firefox prog "nautilus" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/apps/system-file-manager.png nautilus --no-desktop --browser prog "writer" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/apps/openoffice4-writer.png openoffice4 -writer prog "impress" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/apps/openoffice4-impress.png openoffice4 -impress prog "calc" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/apps/openoffice4-calc.png openoffice4 -calc prog "base" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/apps/openoffice4-base.png openoffice4 -base prog "draw" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/apps/openoffice4-draw.png openoffice4 -draw prog "calculator" /usr/share/icons/Humanity/apps/16/accessories-calculator.png gnome-calculator prog "gimp" /usr/share/icons/hicolor/32x32/apps/gimp.png gimp prog "vlc" /usr/share/icons/hicolor/16x16/apps/vlc.png vlc --loop prog "terminal" /usr/share/icons/Humanity/apps/32/gnome-terminal.png gnome-terminal prog "icewm menu" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/mimetypes/text-x-preview.png gedit /home/yourusername/.icewm/menu prog "icewm preferences" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/mimetypes/text-x-preview.png gedit /home/yourusername/.icewm/preferences prog "icewm startup" /usr/share/icons/gnome/16x16/mimetypes/text-x-preview.png gedit /home/yourusername/.icewm/startup prog "gedit" gedit gedit prog gnome-screenshot gnome-screenshot gnome-screenshot }}} == Startup == If you want certain programs to start automatically when you log in, you can use a {{{startup}}} file, much like the one in [[Fluxbox]]. It's located in the {{{~/.icewm}}} folder. It's not there by default, so let's create it: {{{ $ nano .icewm/startup }}} Here's an example: {{{ !#/bin/sh sleep 2 #required to give icewm taskbar some time to startup before applets are added gnome-sound-applet & #Volume Control applet mate-bluetooth-applet & #Bluetooth applet (bluetooth-applet is not available on Ubuntu 13.1) mate-power-manager & #Power Manager applet (gnome-power-manager is not available on Ubuntu 13.1) /opt/extras.ubuntu.com/indicator-brightness/indicator-brightness & #Brightness Control applet (in the case keyboard brightness commands fail) nm-applet & #Network Manager applet gnome-settings-daemon & #makes all GTK applications (eg Firefox) use the Gnome3/Unity graphics (dark grey) xscreensaver -nosplash & #startup screensaver (enables desktop locking) }}} Save, and quit nano. Don't forget to add an & after each app to keep them running. Now, you need to make it executable: {{{ chmod +x .icewm/startup }}} Note the above recommendation includes startup of the following system tray applets which are not currently available in Ubuntu (e.g. 13.1). As such the mate desktop environment repository is currently required to be installed to gain access to them ({{{mate-bluetooth-applet mate-power-manager}}}); {{{ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://repo.mate-desktop.org/ubuntu saucy main" sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install mate-archive-keyring sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install mate-bluetooth-applet mate-power-manager }}} The indicator-brightness applet ({{{ indicator-brightness}}}) may also be required depending upon how Ubuntu is handling the display brightness setting of your LCD monitor (e.g. if brightness keyboard control fails to function in icewm); {{{ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:indicator-brightness/ppa sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install indicator-brightness }}} And that's all. Next time you log in, you should see the added programs running. More IceWM Configuration Applications can also be found [[http://icecc.sourceforge.net/|here]], which are not in the Ubuntu Repositories. == Keys == You can setup shortcut keys in the ~./icewm/keys file to launch some quickly needed programs while using IceWM. Here is an example of setting up Xscreensaver to lock the screen when pressing Super+L: {{{ $ nano .icewm/keys }}} You will find alot of different shortcut keys in here. Now anywhere in this file, add this: {{{ key "Super+L" xscreensaver-command -lock }}} Alternately, the key can be changed to suit your needs, and multiple different keys can be added to this file to allow you to make different shortcut keys for launching programs. Save and quit nano. You will need to restart IceWM for the changes to take effect. == Toolbar == You may place quick-launch icons at the taskbar by editing ~/.icewm/toolbar. The syntax is simple: {{{ prog "name" icon command }}} where: * ''name'' is the text to be displayed on the menu e.g.: {{{"VLC Media Player"}}}. * ''icon'' is an icon name in /usr/share/pixmaps or an icon path; e.g.: {{{vlc}}} or {{{/usr/share/icons/hicolor/16x16/apps/vlc.png}}}. * ''command'' is the command to launch the application or the path to its executable; e.g.: {{{vlc}}} or {{{/usr/bin/vlc}}}. Here's an example: {{{ prog "terminal" /usr/share/icons/Humanity/apps/32/gnome-terminal.png gnome-terminal prog "firefox" /usr/share/app-install/icons/firefox.png firefox }}} == Themes == IceWM comes with around 72 preinstalled themes; some nicer themes are to be found elsewhere on the Internet. Here are some examples: Infadel2: a classic dark grey IceWM theme (IceWM menu - Settings - Themes - I - Infadel2) IceBuntu: http://themes.freshmeat.net/projects/icebuntu/ Silver XP: http://themes.freshmeat.net/projects/icewmsilverxp/ TrueCurve: http://themes.freshmeat.net/projects/truecurve/ IceGil: http://themes.freshmeat.net/projects/icegilgrey/ ThinBlack: http://themes.freshmeat.net/projects/thinblack/ VistaBlack: http://box-look.org/content/show.php/VistaBlack?content=59925 The first three themes are just clones of other popular themes: the first is Dapper's Human theme, the second is Windows XP, and the third is Fedora's theme. More themes can also be found at [[http://box-look.org/index.php?xcontentmode=7311|Box-Look.org]]. Installing themes is easy. User themes are installed in the folder {{{~/.icewm/themes/}}}. This may not exist yet, so let's create it: {{{ $ mkdir .icewm/themes }}} Now, we need to move the downloaded theme to this folder: {{{ $ mv yourdownloadlfolder/youricewmtheme.tar.gz .icewm/themes/ }}} Next, go to the themes folder and unpack your downloaded theme: {{{ $ cd .icewm/themes $ tar -xvzf youricewmtheme.tar.gz }}} Done! Now, go to your start button and go to the ''themes'' section. You should now see your downloaded theme listed. == Desktop == If you want a desktop with IceWM, you can do so in several ways. The best is to get ROX-Filer. {{{ $ sudo apt-get install rox-filer }}} Then, to launch your new desktop: {{{ $ rox --pinboard=MyPinboard }}} You can also add the above command to the startup script mentioned in the configuration section and the rox-filer will automatically start. == Power Settings == To modify the power settings of icewm, edit {{{logind.conf}}}. For example, to change the close lid action from suspend to nothing; {{{ $ sudo gedit /etc/systemd/logind.conf }}} Then change #HandleLidSwitch=suspend to HandleLidSwitch=ignore. ---- CategoryXwindowSystem