||<>|| = MacBookAir (6,2) on Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werwolf) = This page aims to describe the steps needed, to fully enable all features of the '''6-th Generation MacBookAir''' (release date: mid 2013) when using '''Ubuntu 15.10, Wily Werwolf'''. You can find out, what model you have by typing at the terminal: {{{ sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name }}} If you have a different model, please go [[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MactelSupportTeam/CommunityHelpPages|here]] and find the right wiki. == Overview == Anything not mentioned here probably already works out of the box. If not, please refer to the [[http://ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=328|Ubuntu Apple Users forum]]. || '''Feature''' || '''Support status''' || || LCD Panel || works || || Suspend & Hibernate || needs manual install. See [[#Backlight|Backlight]] || || Shut-down and Reboot || works || || Keyboard functions (Brightness,volume,...) || works || || Touchpad (appletouch) || works || || Wireless (AirPort) || needs manual install. See [[#Wireless (AirPort)|Wireless (AirPort)]] || || Bluetooth || works || || iSight || won't work || || Sound || works || || Microphone || works || || External Monitor || works || || Thunderbolt || not yet documented || || SD card slot || works || || HFS+ (OS X disc partition) || works (mounts read-only) || || Fan Control || works (according to `tlp stat`) || || Sensors (temps & fans) || works (according to `tlp stat`) || || GPU Power Save || works || == Basic Installation Instructions == Common things about installing and maintaining Ubuntu on Intel-based Macs: [[/MactelSupportTeam/AppleIntelInstallation|Intel CPU-based Macintosh Generic Installation Instructions]] === Prerequisites === 1. MacBookAir6,2 Check on OSX with: {{{ sysctl hw.model }}} Check on linux with: {{{ sudo dmidecode -s system-product-name }}} 2. Apple USB-Ethernet Adapter 3. USB-Stick (2GB at least) 4. [[http://releases.ubuntu.com/15.10/ubuntu-15.10-desktop-amd64.iso|ubuntu-15.10-desktop-amd64.iso]]. === Partition Harddisk === 1. Boot Macbook Air into OSX 2. Open Disk Utility {{{ open /Applications/Utility/Disk\ Utility.app }}} 3. Select "Macintosh HD" \> (Tab)Partition Add (+) 3 more partitions 2nd Partition: Set 30-40GB for Ubuntu "/" 3rd Partition: Use as much space as left for "/home" 4th Partition: Set 4GB for Linux Swap partition === Prepare USB-Stick === 1. In OS X 2. Download iso image to `~/Downloads` 3. Open Terminal (a detailed description can be found [[http://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-mac-osx|here]]. {{{ cd ~/Downloads # convert iso hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o ubuntu-15.10-desktop-amd64.img ubuntu-15.10-desktop-amd64.iso # open Disk Utility to format USB stick open /Applications/Utilities/Disk\ Utility.app # format the USB stick with MS-DOS VFAT # check which /dev/diskX contains the USB stick - here it is "disk1" diskutil list # then unmount the usb-stick diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk1 # write img to usb stick - /!\ BE CAREFUL THAT disk1 REALLY IS YOUR USB-STICK sudo dd if=ubuntu-15.10-desktop-amd64.img.dmg of=/dev/rdisk1 bs=1m }}} === Install Ubuntu === 1. Restart and press "Alt"-Key on startup. 2. Make sure that the USB-Ethernet Adapter is inserted. (With a network connection the bcmwl-kernel-source module does **NOT** get downloaded during the installation process.) Select first USB-device labled "EFI-Boot" and press "Enter". Select "Install Ubuntu" 3. Choose "Something else" for partitioning. Please check the sizes in the list according to the partitioning for the step above.   OSX Disk Utility leaves unallocated partitions inbetween which usually are arround 128MB in size.   Do not try to delete these "blank" partitions.   - 2nd partition should be ext4 formatted and mounted "/". - 3rd partition should be ext3 formatted and mounted "/home". (I use ext3 in order to use fuse-ext2 from OSX; ext4 is yet not supported)   - 4th partition should be swap (no format and mountpoint required)   Proceed ... 4. The installation process should run through smoothly. 5. Restart with pressed "Alt"-Key.   Reboot into OS X again and install "refind".   Download [[http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/getting.html|Binary Zip-File]] or [[http://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/files/0.9.2/refind-bin-0.9.2.zip/download|Direct Download refind-bin-0.9.2.zip]]   Open a Terminal {{{ cd Downloads unzip refind-bin-0.9.2.zip cd refind-bin-0.9.2 sudo ./install.sh }}} 6. Restart again. Now a Ubuntu labled "/efi/vmlinuz ... .efi" should be shown.   Select this an start it, now the grub-menu should be displayed.   Select "Ubuntu".   Now Ubuntu should boot. == Wireless (AirPort) == Requires an Apple USB-Ethernet Adapter. Log into ubuntu 15.10 and open a terminal (Ctrl+Alt+t). Attach Apple USB-Ethernet Adapter. Update all packages: {{{ sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade }}} Install wlan driver {{{ sudo apt-get install bcmwl-kernel-source }}} Now networks should be found. == Sound == Works. You may want to change default ALSA sound card (needed for Lubuntu) - put this in `/etc/asound.conf`: {{{ defaults.ctl.card 1 defaults.pcm.card 1 defaults.timer.card 1 }}} == iSight == iSight HD webcam does not work as Apple changed to PCI for higher resolution raw images. The camera is not recognized as USB device. The current iSight-Firmware cutter does not help here. == Touchpad (appletouch) == Works. == External Monitor == Works via thunderbolt --\> DVI out of the box. == Bluetooth == Works. == Function Keys == Works. See also [[AppleKeyboard#Corrections|AppleKeyboard#Corrections]] page for fine tuning. To change Function keys such that they are used as first key {{{ echo options hid_apple fnmode=2 | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/hid_apple.conf sudo update-initramfs -u -k all sudo reboot }}} == Finetuning Powersave functions == With the procedures enabled below ~10h on battery can be achieved. 1. Install powertop and tlp  For detailed Instructions on tlp refer to [[http://thinkwiki.de/TLP_-_Linux_Stromsparen|tpl wiki]]. {{{ sudo apt-get install powertop tlp }}} 2. Run powertop autotune {{{ # add missing file - otherwise powertop auto-tune will report error sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/powertop/ sudo touch /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop sudo powertop --auto-tune }}} 3. Adjust `/etc/default/tlp` (only changes are shown) {{{ DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_AC=0 DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_BAT=1 MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=15 DISK_APM_LEVEL_ON_BAT="1 1" RUNTIME_PM_ALL=1 }}}   Restart tpl with {{{ sudo service tlp restart }}}   Check if settings took effect with powertop. 4. Enable more powersaving options Put this script [[attachment:99macbookair6]] under `/etc/pm/power.d/99macbookair6` {{{ sudo cp 99macbookair6 /etc/pm/power.d/99macbookair6 }}} Create a new file {{{ sudo vi /usr/bin/powersave ---- powertop --auto-tune /etc/pm/power.d/99macbookair6 true }}} Make executable {{{ chmod a+x /usr/bin/powersave }}} Add a new systemd service {{{ sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/powersave.service ---- [Unit] Description=powersave [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/usr/bin/powersave [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target }}} Enable the new service {{{ sudo systemctl enable powersave.service }}} 5. Enable i915 powersaving {{{ sudo tlp stat ... /sys/module/i915/parameters/i915_enable_rc6 = -1 (use per-chip default) /sys/module/i915/parameters/i915_enable_fbc = -1 (use per-chip default) /sys/module/i915/parameters/lvds_downclock = 0 (disabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/semaphores = -1 (use per-chip default) }}} Add the following line in `/etc/default/grub` {{{ GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="pcie_aspm=force i915.i915_enable_rc6=1 i915.i915_enable_fbc=1 i915.lvds_downclock=1 acpi_backlight=vendor" }}} Then run `sudo update-grub` and reboot. After that: {{{ sudo tlp stat ... /sys/module/i915/parameters/i915_enable_rc6 = 1 (enabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/i915_enable_fbc = 1 (enabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/lvds_downclock = 1 (enabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/semaphores = -1 (use per-chip default) }}} == Backlight == There is a strange bug with backlight. All settings (using F1, F2 keys) work great but after suspend your can only get 0% or 100% backlight. Patrik Jakobsson wrote a [[https://github.com/patjak/mba6x_bl|kernel module]] that directly programs the backlight driver and it works! If you don't want to compile by yourself, use the attached deb file . Please note that the deb file only contains the sources but no binaries. 1. Install Build-Essentials and headers {{{ sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-generic }}} 2. Download [[attachment:mba6xbl-dkms_1.0.0_all.deb]] and install it with {{{ sudo dpkg -i mba6xbl-dkms_1.0.0_all.deb }}} '''Note:''' You'll need to repeat this installation step each time you kernel gets updated. 3. Load the module: {{{ sudo modprobe mba6x_bl }}} 4. Log out and log back in. It should load automatically on next boot. == Display == Display colors are not true by default. To have right color profile, you should consider import ICC color profile from your OSX installation, located on your OSX partition at `/Library/ColorSync/Profiles/Displays`. You can import this profile from System-Settings into the Color settings pannel. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [[CategoryMac|CategoryMac]] ------------------------------------------------------------------------