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Welkom bij de documentatie voor Ubuntu, samengesteld door de gemeenschap. U vindt hier verwijzingen naar Ubuntu-gerelateerde "Handleidingen, tips, trucs en hacks."

Let op: dit is niet de officiƫle documentatie.

Aan de slag!

Terminologie

Als u nieuw bent bij Linux of Ubuntu, dan klinken sommige van de termen die in deze documenten gebezigd worden als een vreemde taal voor u. Maak u geen zorgen - wij helpen u. Gaandeweg leert u veelgebruikte termen door gebruik te maken van onze Glossary. Om te leren omgaan met Ubuntu (zoals overal), moet u de terminologie leren kennen, en de gemakkelijkste manier om dat te doen is door erin te duiken!

Installatie

Klaar om te beginnen?

Er zijn meerdere manieren om Ubuntu te installeren. Misschien wilt u Ubuntu installeren op een computer zonder besturingssysteem, of de computer waarop u Ubuntu wilt installeren heeft mogelijk geen cd-station, of u wilt een nieuwere versie van Ubuntu installeren. Zie Installation voor uitgebreide informatie over de installatiemogelijkheden.

Overstappen van een ander besturingssysteem

Windows, Mac OS X, Linux

Overweegt u om van een ander besturingssysteem over te stappen naar Ubuntu? Of heeft u de overstap al gemaakt? De volgende artikelen zullen u helpen de overstap naar Ubuntu gemakkelijker te maken:

De Terminal is uw vriend!

Vroeger had Linux (de familie van besturingssystemen waar ook Ubuntu toe behoort) de reputatie dat het uiterst moeilijk te gebruiken en te onderhouden was, alleen maar iets voor zogenaamde hackers en liefhebbers. Dit kwam vooral door het (voornamelijk mythische) idee dat alles gedaan moest worden via de opdrachtregel (CLI) (ook bekend als de Terminal). Er is inmiddels heel veel veranderd; Ubuntu is ontworpen voor eenvoudig gebruik, zodat u - de gebruiker - veel meer controle heeft; vrijwel alle alledaagse taken kunnen in Ubuntu gedaan worden via comfortabele GUI's, waarbij de terminal niet nodig is!

However, the terminal continues to be arguably the most powerful tool in Linux. It might be a new - even alien - idea to assimilate, especially if you are migrating from another operating system. But don't panic! The most common myth surrounding the terminal - that it is an art best left to technically advanced users - is just that: a myth. Actually, one may imagine the knowledge of terminal commands akin to that of spells in a kind of sorcery! - as expected, knowing what spells to chant embodies the user with more power than meets the eye. Therefore, before you jump in, do take a moment to familiarize yourself with the Terminal Program.

For instance, let us imagine the following scenario: suppose you have a problem with your wireless card, and you venture to the forums to ask for help. One of the many forum veterans then asks you, "What are the specifications of your operating system? You can find them by entering the command uname -a into the terminal and paste them here." You then open a terminal, by pressing the shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T from your Desktop, or, in the Unity desktop, by clicking on the Ubuntu button at the top left or the Applications Launcher towards the bottom of the Unity panel on the left and entering "Terminal" as your query (users of the Gnome Classic session will find it in the menu item Accessories, also present as a category in the Unity desktop upon clicking the Application Launcher and navigating to the top right), and type in the command

  • $ uname -a

which gives you an output similar to:

  • Linux cybertron 2.6.38-10-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jun 28 15:07:17 UTC 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

telling you that you are running a Linux kernel, with your hostname being 'cybertron' in this case, with the kernel release 2.6.38-10-generic, version #46-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jun 28 15:07:17 UTC 2011, and the machine hardware, processor, and hardware platform all being 'x86_64', or 64-bit architecture, and your operating system being a 'GNU/Linux'. The veteran then proceeds to ask you, "What wireless card do you have? If you do not know, please enter the command lspci | grep Network into the terminal and post the output here." You again resort to the terminal and type:

  • $ lspci | grep Network

which gives you an output similar to:

  • ...
    $ 06:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 4965 AG or AGN [Kedron] Network Connection (rev 61)
    ...

where you issued lspci, which by itself would have given you the information of all the components of your system, but `piped' (redirected) it to the second command grep, which searched for a particular keyword in the output of the command fed to it - in this case 'Network', and tells you that you have an Intel PRO/Wireless 4965 AG or AGN card. Now knowing all the relevant pieces of information, the veteran is able to guide you right away to take necessary measures to fix your wireless!

The knowledge base necessary to understand what a command does is built right into the terminal! This is achieved by yet another command - man which pulls up the documentation manual for a command. For example:

  • $man grep

shall tell you what the command grep does in its entirety.

The command

  • $exit

takes you out of the terminal.

That's it! Having mastered these simple sorceries, you already have come a long way in commanding power over your Linux system. Have no fear! Just like most other experiences with computers, you do not need to pore over pages and pages of manuals just yet - you will automatically imbibe more as and when necessary as you go along!

Getting to know and work with your system

Hardware

The following pages provide information on getting various hardware to work with Ubuntu:

  • Drives and Partitions - Adding storage, partitioning your hard drive, accessing your Windows files, and more.

  • Input Devices - Setting up your keyboard, mouse, and other input devices.

  • Sound - Setting up and using sound cards, speakers, and musical instruments.

  • Video - Setting up your graphics card and external hardware such as video cameras.

  • Printers - Setting up and using your printer.

  • Scanners - Setting up and using your scanner.

  • Network, wireless, and internet devices - Setting up networking and internet devices.

  • Portable Gadgets - Syncing and transferring files from PDAs, audio players, mobile phones, GPS units and cameras.

Software

  • Internet and Networking - Information about the software side of connecting to the Internet and working with networks. For information about applications themselves which use the Internet, see Internet Applications (part of Applications below).

  • Applications - Lists of software available for Ubuntu for achieving various day-to-day tasks (including recommended software and equivalents to commonly-used Windows-based and Apple-based programs).

  • Building Software - How to build Flash and Web Server applications.

Customizing and Maintaining Ubuntu

Finding your way in Ubuntu

Ubuntu is a big place. Follow these directions to find where you want to go.

FAQs

Do you have questions that aren't answered here? Here are some common questions that new Ubuntu users ask. You may also want to browse this wiki by category.

See also

  • Official Ubuntu Documentation - The official documentation, developed and maintained by the Ubuntu Documentation Project.

  • Release Notes - Information on new features and help specific to each Ubuntu release.

  • Manual Pages - Full archive of man pages for all of the commands and programs available in Ubuntu.

  • Index of all available pages - List of all community documentation pages.

  • Ubuntuguide - Comprehensive guides to all versions of Ubuntu (supported and unsupported).

  • Kubuntuguide - Comprehensive guides to all versions of Kubuntu (supported and unsupported). Kubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu operating system using the KDE Plasma Desktop.

  • Lubuntu help and info How-to's specific to Lubuntu.

  • Other Guides - A list of other independently maintained guides.

UserDocumentationNL (last edited 2017-09-03 21:04:11 by ckimes)