Revision 42 as of 2008-06-27 10:15:23

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Graphics Cards

PCs can have many different video card manufacturers and models, just as cars can have many different types of makes and models. There are primarily two large video card manufacturers, ATI and nVidia along with Intel following closely. For the most part, ATI, nVidia and Intel drivers are very simple and fast to install.

Quick Links to the Binary Driver Installation Guides:

Note: As of Ubuntu 8.04 and Xorg 7.3, the setup and configuration of /etc/X11/xorg.conf has changed. Please see the Xorg in Ubuntu 8.04 for more information.

For additional troubleshooting resources, please also see the Ubuntu X Team wiki

Xorg.conf

XWindowSystem configuration file is in /etc/x11/xorg.conf . You can backup it: 

cp /etc/x11/xorg.conf /etc/x11/xorg.conf.old

If you changed your configuration file and you experience problems, you can copy the /etc/x11/xorg.conf from the Ubuntu LiveCD to your hard disk /etc/x11/xorg.conf file (before this, backup the hard disk file as said before).

If reverting back to you original xorg.conf file does not work for whatever reason and you are stuck in the terminal, you can execute the following command: {{{sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg }}} This will attempt to reconfigure your X Server by asking you a series of questions. Note: This will overwrite your current xorg.conf file. It is best to try and restore a previously working xorg.conf configuration file. Make many backups!

Video Card Driver Types

There are two types of drivers that we can use: Open Source and Proprietary drivers. Open Source drivers have been created by the Linux community to function with certain video cards and most video cards have an Open Source driver available. These types of drivers are usually licensed with the GPL and we can use these drivers freely. The advantages of using the Open Source drivers are that they are community supported and bugs can be fixed by the community programmers. The disadvantages are that the Open Source drivers often do not provide full support of all of the video card's features.

Proprietary drivers are the drivers that the manufacturer has programmed and provides. These drivers do provide the source code and the community programmers cannot modify. Users are allowed to use these drivers if they agree to the licensing terms. The advantages of using the Proprietary drivers are that they have been written by the manufacturer of the video card and they usually implement a larger set of features for the graphics card. The disadvantages are that bug fixes are usually slow and the drivers may have broken/not-fully-implemented features.

Some video cards may require the proprietary drivers, even though these drivers are not part of the open source community and cannot be fixed by open source software developers. If you encounter bugs with these closed-source drivers, developers will not be able or even willing to assist you in resolving your issues. These are the drivers that you Use at your own risk.

If this is your first time here and you already know the information above along with your graphic card information, then you may skip the next section.

How do I determine my Video Card manufacturer and model?

To determine your video card manufacturer, execute the following in the console or a terminal window: 

lspci | grep VGA

This will return information about the video card such as its manufacturer, model and revision number. Example: 

tripp@eclipse-desktop:~$ lspci | grep VGA
02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc RV350 AR [Radeon 9600]

From this line we can see that ATI Technologies is the video card manufacturer and that Radeon 9600 is the video card model. With this information, we can determine next step we need to take.

Video Card Manufacturers

ATI

nVidia

Intel

  • i915G video cards - 845G/855G/865G/915G/945G chipset installation workaround on Breezy preview

  • Video/IntelVideoOnGigabyteGA8i865gme775Fix - Gigabyte GA-8I865GME-775 motherboard with builtin Intel video card and BIOS version F2 (or lower?) causes "Signal over range!" messages when changing screen resolutions (e.g. playing Super Tux).

Matrox

Via

General Video Card Information

TODO (General Links for: Dual Head support, Compiz Fusion, video playback, hardware acceleration)

Webcams

  • Webcam - Guides on installing and managing Webcams.

Ports

Firewire (IEEE1394)

  • Firewire - Hardware, drivers and software for getting ieee1394 (Firewire) to work

TV-cards

DVB

Hardware Virtualization

  • VMware-Xorg-7 - Help solving issues after upgrading to 6.10 Edgy.

Help!

If you have a question that is unanswered, please visit the Ubuntu Forums and feel free ask questions! Try some of the following threads:

  • Beginner Talk - Where you can ask any kind of question.

  • Hardware & Laptops - Where you can see if your video card/hardware is supported. On this thread, you can ask questions about installations of video cards/hardware that are not mentioned here. Please refer to this section while in discussion on the forum so that this page may be updated if needed.

See also

* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xorg.conf

CategoryDocumentation CategoryHardware

(i) Video is part of the UserDocumentation series of index pages. Please read the WikiGuide prior to making changes.

CategoryXwindowSystem