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| <<Include(Tag/NeedsExpansion)>> ## Page needs updating to newer ubuntu releases. Multiple sections like updating do not apply as much any more since later releases like 11.10 allow persistent storage allowing you to update the live cd and install additional packages. ||<tablestyle="float:right; font-size: 0.9em; width:35%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;"><<TableOfContents(2)>>|| |
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| Any Ubuntu Cd can also be used as a LiveCd as well as an installer. Windows people might be more familiar with the term 'boot cd' or 'bootable cd' but a "LiveCd session" is typically much more useful because it gives a normal desktop environment and all the normal programs - it should find the machine's internet connection and allow you to use Firefox from the top panel/taskbar to surf the internet. | A live CD can be used for a quick demo or test of Ubuntu. Try Ubuntu without any changes to your machine! Windows or whatever you use normally is unaffected after trying this and then rebooting. |
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| Most other versions of linux (distros), not just Ubuntu, have this functionality on their installer Cd too. With most other distros you usually have to click 2 or 3 buttons to configure the network connection so it tends to be fairly easy but not as easy as Ubuntu :) http://distrowatch.com | The standard Ubuntu Cd can be used as a !LiveCd as well as an installer. Live mode is the default option when booting from CD. Only some of the non-standard downloads (such as the "Alternate Cd") lack this functionality. [[SwitchingToUbuntu/FromWindows | Windows users]] might be familiar with the term 'boot CD' or 'bootable CD' or 'Recovery/Restore Media'. A "LiveCD" is more than that because it gives the option of running a normal desktop environment with all the normal programs and some extras. A LiveCD usually finds your wired internet connection and Firefox should be able to surf the internet into here. |
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| While a LiveCd session is a good way to demo Ubuntu to see how it works "without making changes to this machine" it is slower than a full proper install running from a hard-drive. The reason is because the Cd/Dvd-drive is usually a lot slower at read/writes. LiveCd sessions can also be tricky to keep data and settings between sessions but you can always use a 'persistent image', perhaps on a usb-stick - see later. | This guide has screen-shots of the 8.04 and 10.04 Desktop Edition of Ubuntu. However, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Kubuntu and even unofficial Ubuntu-based distros as well as other versions all tend to have similar screens & menus. Most [[http://distrowatch.com | distributions ]] (versions or "distros" of Linux) have this !LiveCd functionality on their installer CD, a few have a separate Cd to download. It is rare to find a distro that has no !LiveCd session at all. Ubuntu tries to make their LiveCD the easiest to use. Although a LiveCD session is a good way to demo Ubuntu ''without making changes to a machine'', a LiveCD will always be slower than a proper installation to the hard-drive. Cd-drives & Dvd-drives are physically slower than hard drives. You can use a [[/Persistence | persistent image]] to keep data & settings safe after shut-down. This does go against many reasons for using a !LiveCd session (rather than an installation) but it can be useful for multi-user machines, such as offices or in third world education projects. == Reasons for Using a LiveCD Session == LiveCD sessions are good to: * give a 'demo' session on a machine before installing or upgrading * checks hardware works as expected * check the look & feel of the distro * repair or preparation for awkward installations * repair/replace/install grub perhaps after (re)installing [[DualBoot/Grub#recovering-grub | Windows]] * fix Windows problems on a machine that doesn't have a [[DualBoot/Windows | dual-boot]] * [[Antivirus | anti-virus]] problems on a Windows system * [[DataRecovery | data recovery]] * [[HowtoPartition | resizing partitions]] to give Ubuntu more (or less) room * [[HowtoPartition | adding a new partition]](s) to your hard-drive for [[http://distrowatch.com | other distros]] or for a new Windows * preparing a machine for installing Ubuntu, if you are shy of using default or automatic settings or if the hardware is too unique or awkward * 'showing off' Ubuntu to people on their own machine * using on a random computer where access is limited * a familiar desktop environment on an unfamiliar machine * safely using a computer which seems to have poor security or lacks privacy. This is particularly good if you have a Usb stick or something to save your data and settings on (see '[[/Persistence | persistent image]]') |
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| == Reasons for Using a LiveCd Session == | == Other Ways to Try Ubuntu == |
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| LiveCd sessions are good to use for; * a quick 'demo' on a machine before installing/upgrading Ubuntu * to check the hardware works as expected * to see if you like the look & feel of the distro * to prepare yourself & your unique hardware if required * various repair tasks such as * repairing grub after (re)installing Windows as part of a dual-boot * resizing partitions to give Ubuntu more (or less) room * adding a new partition(s) to your hard-drive for other distros * 'showing off' Ubuntu to people on their own machine * a safer and faster way of surfing the internet or even other uses of a machine that isn't your own. This is particularly good if you have a usb stick or something to save your data and settings on (see 'persistent image') |
LiveCDs are designed for people that want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few hours. If you want to carry a LiveCD around with you, a [[/Persistence | persistent image]] lets you customise your live session. If you want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few weeks or months, [[Wubi]] lets you install Ubuntu inside Windows. If you want to use Linux on a computer permanently, [[DualBoot/Windows|dual-booting]] lets you install Window and Ubuntu (or which-ever distro) side-by-side on the same computer. Because Wubi needs Windows and Ubuntu to co-operate, you have to deal with all the problems of both systems. For example, it's not easy to completely uninstall Wubi. An experienced linux user or someone with considerable technical knowledge about Windows might find it better to try Wubi in some certain circumstances where dual-booting is infeasible or inadvisable. See [[Ubuntu:WubiGuide|the Wubi guide]] for more information about Wubi, particularly how to uninstall it cleanly. [[DualBoot/Windows|Dual-booting]] can be daunting at first, but tends to work better once you've got it set up. This allows Window & Ubuntu to work without relying on the other for anything, except the boot-loader. As you get more comfortable with Ubuntu, you can just forget about your Windows partition. Reinstalling Windows is quite tricky, so it's best to leave your Windows partition in place unless you're absolutely sure you'll never use Windows again. = How-To LiveCD Ubuntu = == Preparing your LiveCD == You need to create, borrow, buy or request an Ubuntu CD or [[Installation/FromUSBStick#live-usb | Usb-stick]]. Once you have an Ubuntu Cd or Usb it should work as an installer and as a !LiveCD or !LiveUsb. There are some downloads, such as the Alternate Cd that cannot be used as !LiveCd/Usb. === To create a LiveCd === * [[http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download | Download]] Ubuntu. For a live CD, avoid the "alternate CD" & the Server Edition because it has no desktop. For installing, using the alternate CD is a good idea, if installing using the standard CD does not work. * [[BurningIsoHowto | Make your own CD]]. Cheap "write once" CDs in packs of 10 or more are usually best. You could burn a new CD once every 6 months to get the latest version but all version are supported for 18 months and long time support releases for 3 years. You could also use the remaining CDs for trying out other [[http://distrowatch.com | distros ]] Having a quick demo of other distros can help you understand Linux in general a LOT better a LOT faster, which helps you understand Ubuntu better. === To create a LiveUsb === * The Usb stick needs to be 1Gb or more and there are 2 different pages giving advice. I prefer the first; [[Installation/FromUSBStick]], [[Installation/FromImgFiles]] |
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| == Preparation == | === To buy an Ubuntu Cd === |
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| You need an Ubuntu Cd although it's also possible to get a "LiveUsb session" from a Usb stick and this is often also referred to as a "LiveCd session" because it does offer much the same functionality, perhaps a little more. To get an Ubuntu Cd either use the Shipit service which can can 12 weeks (but it's always nice to have a free official Cd) https://shipit.ubuntu.com/ and/or download it from http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download and make a cd of it. I tend to find the cheapest "write once" Cds that can only usually be bought in packets of 10 or more are much better for this than more expensive cds. Dvd's tend to be really rubbish for this. Here's a guide to help if that's being awkward https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BurningIsoHowto Another guide to help if any of this is being awkward for you - see the [[GettingUbuntu|Getting Ubuntu]] page for details about downloading the LiveCD. |
The official [[http://www.ubuntulinux.org/getubuntu/purchase | Cannonical store]], !OnDisc, OSDisc or your local Ubuntu team might be able to help you find somewhere in your country from which to buy Ubuntu CDs. Also see [[GettingUbuntu]] for more information. |
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| = Using the LiveCD = | == Using your LiveCD == |
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| So, put the Ubuntu Cd into the cd/dvd-drive and reboot the computer. This should hopefully get you to a menu with "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" as the top, default, option. If you don't get this menu then this guide should be able to help https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootFromCD |
Put the Ubuntu CD into the CD/DVD-drive and reboot the computer. You should see a menu with "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" at the top. If you don't get this menu, read the [[BootFromCD | booting From the CD]] guide for more information. |
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| Choosing the "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" should get you to a working desktop which we call a "LiveCd session". If you have troubles getting the working desktop then this guide should have something helpful https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootOptions Note that Server Edition works quite differently in that it doesn't have a gui desktop. |
||<tablestyle="border: 0px solid black;" : style="border: 0px solid black;">{{attachment:804 Live 1 .png|Up or Down arrow on keyboard to get your language and then press enter|align="left"}}<<BR>>'''Figure 1:''' The first thing you will see when you boot from your Ubuntu CD<<BR>>Press the up or down arrow on keyboard to get your language and then press enter|| |
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| Anyway, from most LiveCd sessions Firefox on the top panel/taskbar should easily surf the internet and of course almost all the other normal programs are in the menu's along with one or two more. After you are done, shut the computer down and remove the CD. At this point anything you saved to the desktop or Documents folders and such will vanish - only things you saved into folders on the hard-drive will remain. One reason why a LiveCd session is so useful on machines that don't belong to you is that none of your personal data nor emails nor traces of financial transactions remains on the machine. There will only be traces of on-line activity at the isp, router, server or other monitoring system level. |
||<tablestyle="border: 0px solid black;" : style="border: 0px solid black;">{{attachment:804 Live 2 .png|align="right"}}<<BR>>'''Figure 2:''' F6 will give you Boot Options & allows you to edit the boot-string|| |
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| == Keeping your LiveCd settings == | Choose "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer". You should get a desktop which we call a "LiveCD session". If you don't see a desktop, or need safe graphics mode, read the [[BootOptions|boot options]] for more information. |
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| If you want to save your LiveCd session to a Usb stick, check [[LiveCDPersistence]] | ||<tablestyle="border: 0px solid black;" : style="border: 0px solid black;">{{attachment:ubuntu boot gparted.gif}}<<BR>>'''Figure 3:''' The LiveCD lets you manage partitions with GPartEd.<<BR>>Also see the installer icon top-left|| The Firefox icon on the top panel should let you surf the internet. Other normal programs are available in the menus. After you have finished, shut the computer down and remove the CD. At this point anything you saved to the desktop or Documents folders and such will vanish - only things you saved into folders on the hard-drive will remain. This means that there won't be any trace of your personal data (e-mails, passwords etc.) left on the machine, which can be quite useful if you don't trust the Windows installation on the computer. If you have troubles getting the working desktop but if it is still not behaving then try asking for help in [[https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+addquestion | Launchpad]] or use [[Signpost | Signpost Help]], or both. |
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| == Making a customised LiveCd == | == Installing Programs or Other Packages == |
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| If you want to make custom Ubuntu-based Live Cd, you should read the [[LiveCDCustomization|LiveCD Customization Howto]]. | You can install programs to a LiveCD session in the [[InstallingSoftware|normal way]], although these will be forgotten as soon as you switch the machine off. For example, you might install [[Antivirus | antivirus]] or [[DataRecovery | data-recovery]] tools to fix the system installed on the computer's hard drive. Because space is limited on a LiveCD, you should limit the number of packages you install or consider using a [[/Persistence|persistent image]]. |
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| Without even starting from an existing Ubuntu Cd you can make a customized live system, see [[LiveCDCustomizationFromScratch|LiveCD Customization From Scratch]]. | == Making a Customised LiveCD == |
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| = Common issues with a LiveCd = | If you want to make custom Ubuntu-based Live CD, you should read the [[LiveCDCustomization|LiveCD Customisation HowTo]]. Without even starting from an existing Ubuntu CD you can make a customised live system, see [[LiveCDCustomizationFromScratch|LiveCD Customisation From Scratch]]. = Troubles with a LiveCD = |
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| Sometimes a LiveCd might ask you for a username or password. Just leaving these entry lines blank and pressing enter (or allowing it to time-out) should get you past this step without troubles. | Sometimes a LiveCD might ask you for a user-name or password. Just leave these blank and press enter (or allow it to time-out). |
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| You can set a password during a LiveCd session by opening a [[UsingTheTerminal|terminal]], and typing in: | ||<tablestyle="border: 0px solid black;" : style="border: 0px solid black;">{{attachment:ubuntu boot password.gif}}<<BR>>'''Figure 4:'' Just press enter to get past this, or let it time-out|| ||<tablestyle="border: 0px solid black;" : style="border: 0px solid black;">{{attachment:ubuntu boot login.gif}}<<BR>>'''Figure 5:'' 10.04 login screen|| == Security and Updating == While linux systems are more secure than Windows, LiveCD sessions are not meant for long-term use nor for sessions lasting several days. Because LiveCDs can't easily be updated, they may well be vulnerable to security issues discovered in the months since their release. They also can't protect you against scams such as [[WikiPedia:Phishing|phishing]]. If a criminal broke in to your live session, any changes he made to your session would be reset along with everything else when you reboot, although he could make permanent changes to the computer's hard drive. A [[/Persistence | persistent image]] can be updated as new security issues emerge, but also lets any damage done to your computer persist across sessions. == Setting a Password == You can set a password during a LiveCD session by opening a [[UsingTheTerminal|terminal]], and typing in: |
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| == Text-Mode installation == | == Text-Mode Installation == |
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| * [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery | LiveCdRecovery ]] |
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Needs Expansion |
Introduction
A live CD can be used for a quick demo or test of Ubuntu. Try Ubuntu without any changes to your machine! Windows or whatever you use normally is unaffected after trying this and then rebooting.
The standard Ubuntu Cd can be used as a LiveCd as well as an installer. Live mode is the default option when booting from CD. Only some of the non-standard downloads (such as the "Alternate Cd") lack this functionality. Windows users might be familiar with the term 'boot CD' or 'bootable CD' or 'Recovery/Restore Media'. A "LiveCD" is more than that because it gives the option of running a normal desktop environment with all the normal programs and some extras. A LiveCD usually finds your wired internet connection and Firefox should be able to surf the internet into here.
This guide has screen-shots of the 8.04 and 10.04 Desktop Edition of Ubuntu. However, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Kubuntu and even unofficial Ubuntu-based distros as well as other versions all tend to have similar screens & menus.
Most distributions (versions or "distros" of Linux) have this LiveCd functionality on their installer CD, a few have a separate Cd to download. It is rare to find a distro that has no LiveCd session at all. Ubuntu tries to make their LiveCD the easiest to use. Although a LiveCD session is a good way to demo Ubuntu without making changes to a machine, a LiveCD will always be slower than a proper installation to the hard-drive. Cd-drives & Dvd-drives are physically slower than hard drives.
You can use a persistent image to keep data & settings safe after shut-down. This does go against many reasons for using a LiveCd session (rather than an installation) but it can be useful for multi-user machines, such as offices or in third world education projects.
Reasons for Using a LiveCD Session
LiveCD sessions are good to:
- give a 'demo' session on a machine before installing or upgrading
- checks hardware works as expected
check the look & feel of the distro
- repair or preparation for awkward installations
repair/replace/install grub perhaps after (re)installing Windows
fix Windows problems on a machine that doesn't have a dual-boot
anti-virus problems on a Windows system
resizing partitions to give Ubuntu more (or less) room
adding a new partition(s) to your hard-drive for other distros or for a new Windows
- preparing a machine for installing Ubuntu, if you are shy of using default or automatic settings or if the hardware is too unique or awkward
- 'showing off' Ubuntu to people on their own machine
- using on a random computer where access is limited
- a familiar desktop environment on an unfamiliar machine
safely using a computer which seems to have poor security or lacks privacy. This is particularly good if you have a Usb stick or something to save your data and settings on (see 'persistent image')
Other Ways to Try Ubuntu
LiveCDs are designed for people that want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few hours. If you want to carry a LiveCD around with you, a persistent image lets you customise your live session. If you want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few weeks or months, Wubi lets you install Ubuntu inside Windows. If you want to use Linux on a computer permanently, dual-booting lets you install Window and Ubuntu (or which-ever distro) side-by-side on the same computer.
Because Wubi needs Windows and Ubuntu to co-operate, you have to deal with all the problems of both systems. For example, it's not easy to completely uninstall Wubi. An experienced linux user or someone with considerable technical knowledge about Windows might find it better to try Wubi in some certain circumstances where dual-booting is infeasible or inadvisable. See the Wubi guide for more information about Wubi, particularly how to uninstall it cleanly.
Dual-booting can be daunting at first, but tends to work better once you've got it set up. This allows Window & Ubuntu to work without relying on the other for anything, except the boot-loader. As you get more comfortable with Ubuntu, you can just forget about your Windows partition. Reinstalling Windows is quite tricky, so it's best to leave your Windows partition in place unless you're absolutely sure you'll never use Windows again.
How-To LiveCD Ubuntu
Preparing your LiveCD
You need to create, borrow, buy or request an Ubuntu CD or Usb-stick. Once you have an Ubuntu Cd or Usb it should work as an installer and as a !LiveCD or LiveUsb. There are some downloads, such as the Alternate Cd that cannot be used as !LiveCd/Usb.
To create a LiveCd
Download Ubuntu. For a live CD, avoid the "alternate CD" & the Server Edition because it has no desktop. For installing, using the alternate CD is a good idea, if installing using the standard CD does not work.
Make your own CD. Cheap "write once" CDs in packs of 10 or more are usually best. You could burn a new CD once every 6 months to get the latest version but all version are supported for 18 months and long time support releases for 3 years. You could also use the remaining CDs for trying out other distros Having a quick demo of other distros can help you understand Linux in general a LOT better a LOT faster, which helps you understand Ubuntu better.
To create a LiveUsb
The Usb stick needs to be 1Gb or more and there are 2 different pages giving advice. I prefer the first; Installation/FromUSBStick, Installation/FromImgFiles
To buy an Ubuntu Cd
The official Cannonical store, OnDisc, OSDisc or your local Ubuntu team might be able to help you find somewhere in your country from which to buy Ubuntu CDs. Also see GettingUbuntu for more information.
Using your LiveCD
Put the Ubuntu CD into the CD/DVD-drive and reboot the computer. You should see a menu with "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" at the top. If you don't get this menu, read the booting From the CD guide for more information.
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Choose "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer". You should get a desktop which we call a "LiveCD session". If you don't see a desktop, or need safe graphics mode, read the boot options for more information.
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The Firefox icon on the top panel should let you surf the internet. Other normal programs are available in the menus.
After you have finished, shut the computer down and remove the CD. At this point anything you saved to the desktop or Documents folders and such will vanish - only things you saved into folders on the hard-drive will remain. This means that there won't be any trace of your personal data (e-mails, passwords etc.) left on the machine, which can be quite useful if you don't trust the Windows installation on the computer.
If you have troubles getting the working desktop but if it is still not behaving then try asking for help in Launchpad or use Signpost Help, or both.
Installing Programs or Other Packages
You can install programs to a LiveCD session in the normal way, although these will be forgotten as soon as you switch the machine off. For example, you might install antivirus or data-recovery tools to fix the system installed on the computer's hard drive. Because space is limited on a LiveCD, you should limit the number of packages you install or consider using a persistent image.
Making a Customised LiveCD
If you want to make custom Ubuntu-based Live CD, you should read the LiveCD Customisation HowTo. Without even starting from an existing Ubuntu CD you can make a customised live system, see LiveCD Customisation From Scratch.
Troubles with a LiveCD
Logging in
Sometimes a LiveCD might ask you for a user-name or password. Just leave these blank and press enter (or allow it to time-out).
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Security and Updating
While linux systems are more secure than Windows, LiveCD sessions are not meant for long-term use nor for sessions lasting several days. Because LiveCDs can't easily be updated, they may well be vulnerable to security issues discovered in the months since their release. They also can't protect you against scams such as phishing. If a criminal broke in to your live session, any changes he made to your session would be reset along with everything else when you reboot, although he could make permanent changes to the computer's hard drive.
A persistent image can be updated as new security issues emerge, but also lets any damage done to your computer persist across sessions.
Setting a Password
You can set a password during a LiveCD session by opening a terminal, and typing in:
$ sudo passwd ubuntu
Text-Mode Installation
If your normal installation fails without giving an error message, or if you want to install on a very limited system, you can use the text-based installer instead.