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| ||<tablestyle="float:right; font-size: 0.9em; width:40%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;"><<TableOfContents(2)>>|| | <<Include(Tag/NeedsExpansion)>> ## Page needs updating to newer ubuntu releases. Multiple sections like updating do not apply as much any more since later releases like 11.10 allow persistent storage allowing you to update the live cd and install additional packages. ||<tablestyle="float:right; font-size: 0.9em; width:35%; background:#F1F1ED; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;" style="padding:0.5em;"><<TableOfContents(2)>>|| |
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| Almost any Ubuntu CD can also be used as a LiveCD as well as an installer. Only the Alternate Images and sometimes the UNR lack this functionality. [[SwitchingToUbuntu/FromWindows | Windows people]] might be more familiar with the term 'boot cd' or 'bootable cd' but a "LiveCD session" is typically much more useful because it gives a normal desktop environment and all the normal programs - it should find the machine's Internet connection and allow you to use Firefox from the top panel/taskbar to surf the Internet. | A live CD can be used for a quick demo or test of Ubuntu. Try Ubuntu without any changes to your machine! Windows or whatever you use normally is unaffected after trying this and then rebooting. |
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| [[http://distrowatch.com | Most other versions of linux]] (distros), not just Ubuntu, have this functionality on their installer CD too. With most other distros you have to click 2 or 3 buttons to configure the network connection - not quite as easy as Ubuntu :) | The standard Ubuntu Cd can be used as a !LiveCd as well as an installer. Live mode is the default option when booting from CD. Only some of the non-standard downloads (such as the "Alternate Cd") lack this functionality. [[SwitchingToUbuntu/FromWindows | Windows users]] might be familiar with the term 'boot CD' or 'bootable CD' or 'Recovery/Restore Media'. A "LiveCD" is more than that because it gives the option of running a normal desktop environment with all the normal programs and some extras. A LiveCD usually finds your wired internet connection and Firefox should be able to surf the internet into here. |
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| CD/DVD-drives tend to be a lot slower at reading data than hard-drives., so although a LiveCD session is a good way to demo Ubuntu to see how it works ''without making changes to this machine'', a LiveCD will always be slower than a proper install running from a hard-drive. If you want to keep your settings when you restart your LiveCD, you can use a [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCD/Persistence | persistant image]]. | This guide has screen-shots of the 8.04 and 10.04 Desktop Edition of Ubuntu. However, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Kubuntu and even unofficial Ubuntu-based distros as well as other versions all tend to have similar screens & menus. Most [[http://distrowatch.com | distributions ]] (versions or "distros" of Linux) have this !LiveCd functionality on their installer CD, a few have a separate Cd to download. It is rare to find a distro that has no !LiveCd session at all. Ubuntu tries to make their LiveCD the easiest to use. Although a LiveCD session is a good way to demo Ubuntu ''without making changes to a machine'', a LiveCD will always be slower than a proper installation to the hard-drive. Cd-drives & Dvd-drives are physically slower than hard drives. You can use a [[/Persistence | persistent image]] to keep data & settings safe after shut-down. This does go against many reasons for using a !LiveCd session (rather than an installation) but it can be useful for multi-user machines, such as offices or in third world education projects. |
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| LiveCD sessions are good to use for: * a quick 'demo' on a machine before installing/upgrading Ubuntu * to check the hardware works as expected * to see if you like the look & feel of the distro * to prepare yourself & your unique hardware if required * various repair tasks such as * [[WindowsDualBoot#recovering-grub|repairing grub]] perhaps after (re)installing Windows * fixing Windows problems on a machine that doesn't have a [[WindowsDualBoot | dual-boot]] * [[Antivirus | anti-virus]] issues |
LiveCD sessions are good to: * give a 'demo' session on a machine before installing or upgrading * checks hardware works as expected * check the look & feel of the distro * repair or preparation for awkward installations * repair/replace/install grub perhaps after (re)installing [[DualBoot/Grub#recovering-grub | Windows]] * fix Windows problems on a machine that doesn't have a [[DualBoot/Windows | dual-boot]] * [[Antivirus | anti-virus]] problems on a Windows system |
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| * [[HowtoPartition | adding a new partition]](s) to your hard-drive for [[http://distrowatch.com | other distros]] * preparing a machine for installing Ubuntu onto if you are shy of using default or automatic settings |
* [[HowtoPartition | adding a new partition]](s) to your hard-drive for [[http://distrowatch.com | other distros]] or for a new Windows * preparing a machine for installing Ubuntu, if you are shy of using default or automatic settings or if the hardware is too unique or awkward |
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| * on any random computer where access is limited * a safer and faster way of surfing the internet or even other uses of a machine that isn't your own. This is particularly good if you have a usb stick or something to save your data and settings on (see '[[#persistant-image | persistent image]]') |
* using on a random computer where access is limited * a familiar desktop environment on an unfamiliar machine * safely using a computer which seems to have poor security or lacks privacy. This is particularly good if you have a Usb stick or something to save your data and settings on (see '[[/Persistence | persistent image]]') |
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| == Other Trial Versions of Ubuntu == | == Other Ways to Try Ubuntu == |
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| For another way of 'trying out' or having a longer demo of Ubuntu it might be worth considering installing Ubuntu inside Windows using the Wubi installer (see [[Wubi]] or [[Ubuntu:WubiGuide]]). | LiveCDs are designed for people that want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few hours. If you want to carry a LiveCD around with you, a [[/Persistence | persistent image]] lets you customise your live session. If you want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few weeks or months, [[Wubi]] lets you install Ubuntu inside Windows. If you want to use Linux on a computer permanently, [[DualBoot/Windows|dual-booting]] lets you install Window and Ubuntu (or which-ever distro) side-by-side on the same computer. |
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| Although Wubi works well on many machines, and some people have kept it working for a few years, it is not designed for long-term use. I would tend to use LiveCD sessions with a [[#persistent-image | persistent image]] rather than Wubi, although Wubi is much faster. Since it depends on Windows systems to work properly, Wubi is a bit like building a house on shifting sands. Uninstalling Wubi and removing all traces of it is tough. I find a proper full [[WindowsDualBoot | dual-boot]] is much easier to set-up and also to remove. A proper dual-boot is more robust than Wubi as it uses linux file-systems such as ext3 or ext4 and the linux boot-loaders such as [[GrubHowto | Grub]] or [[Glossary#L | Lilo]] <<BR>> WindowsDualBoot |
Because Wubi needs Windows and Ubuntu to co-operate, you have to deal with all the problems of both systems. For example, it's not easy to completely uninstall Wubi. An experienced linux user or someone with considerable technical knowledge about Windows might find it better to try Wubi in some certain circumstances where dual-booting is infeasible or inadvisable. See [[Ubuntu:WubiGuide|the Wubi guide]] for more information about Wubi, particularly how to uninstall it cleanly. |
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| Many Linux users have a dual-boot, usually with Windows in the mix somewhere. [[WikiPedia:Dual-boot|Multi-boot]] systems are usually still called dual-boot even if they have far more than 2 OS's to choose from. Installing Windows is a very tough challenge so it's better to avoid wiping it even if you find you have not used it in years. An experienced linux user or someone with considerable technical knowledge about Windows might find it better to try Wubi in some certain circumstances where a proper full install of Ubuntu is infeasible or inadvisable. |
[[DualBoot/Windows|Dual-booting]] can be daunting at first, but tends to work better once you've got it set up. This allows Window & Ubuntu to work without relying on the other for anything, except the boot-loader. As you get more comfortable with Ubuntu, you can just forget about your Windows partition. Reinstalling Windows is quite tricky, so it's best to leave your Windows partition in place unless you're absolutely sure you'll never use Windows again. |
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| == Preparation == | == Preparing your LiveCD == |
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| You need an Ubuntu CD although it's also possible to get a "LiveUSB session" from a USB stick. This is often also referred to as a "LiveCD session" because it does offer much the same functionality, perhaps a little more. | You need to create, borrow, buy or request an Ubuntu CD or [[Installation/FromUSBStick#live-usb | Usb-stick]]. Once you have an Ubuntu Cd or Usb it should work as an installer and as a !LiveCD or !LiveUsb. There are some downloads, such as the Alternate Cd that cannot be used as !LiveCd/Usb. |
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| To get a free official CD (or several), use the [[https://shipit.ubuntu.com/ | Shipit service]], which can take 12 weeks. It is always nice to have a free official CD, or a few to give away - selling them is not really allowed, although you are allowed to recoup costs incurred and to charge for technical support if you help install Ubuntu or other distro. Read through the [[http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html | GPL licence]] for further info. [[WikiPedia:GNU_General_Public_License]] | === To create a LiveCd === |
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| You can also get Ubuntu by [[http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download | downloading]] it and then [[BurningIsoHowto | making your own CD]], rather than (or in addition to) using [[https://shipit.ubuntu.com/ | Shipit]]. I tend to find the cheapest "write once" CDs that can only usually be bought in packets of 10 or more - cheap CDs are much better for this. DVDs tend to be really rubbish for this. Low 'burn' speeds are better. | * [[http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download | Download]] Ubuntu. For a live CD, avoid the "alternate CD" & the Server Edition because it has no desktop. For installing, using the alternate CD is a good idea, if installing using the standard CD does not work. * [[BurningIsoHowto | Make your own CD]]. Cheap "write once" CDs in packs of 10 or more are usually best. You could burn a new CD once every 6 months to get the latest version but all version are supported for 18 months and long time support releases for 3 years. You could also use the remaining CDs for trying out other [[http://distrowatch.com | distros ]] Having a quick demo of other distros can help you understand Linux in general a LOT better a LOT faster, which helps you understand Ubuntu better. |
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| Another guide to help is GettingUbuntu if any of this is being awkward for you. Don't worry. These things are seldom easy first time, but once you have done this once or twice, it's really very easy most of the time. | === To create a LiveUsb === * The Usb stick needs to be 1Gb or more and there are 2 different pages giving advice. I prefer the first; [[Installation/FromUSBStick]], [[Installation/FromImgFiles]] |
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| == The How-To == | === To buy an Ubuntu Cd === |
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| Put the Ubuntu CD into the CD/DVD-drive and reboot the computer. This should get you to a menu with "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" as the top, default, option. If you don't get this menu then this guide should be able to help: [[BootFromCD | Booting From the CD]]. | The official [[http://www.ubuntulinux.org/getubuntu/purchase | Cannonical store]], !OnDisc, OSDisc or your local Ubuntu team might be able to help you find somewhere in your country from which to buy Ubuntu CDs. Also see [[GettingUbuntu]] for more information. == Using your LiveCD == Put the Ubuntu CD into the CD/DVD-drive and reboot the computer. You should see a menu with "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" at the top. If you don't get this menu, read the [[BootFromCD | booting From the CD]] guide for more information. |
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| Choosing "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" should get you to a working desktop which we call a "LiveCD session". Exploring the BootOptions should help if you have troubles getting the working desktop but if it is still not behaving then try asking for help in [[https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+addquestion | Launchpad]] or use [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Signpost | Signpost Help]], or both. | Choose "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer". You should get a desktop which we call a "LiveCD session". If you don't see a desktop, or need safe graphics mode, read the [[BootOptions|boot options]] for more information. |
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| The Firefox icon on the top panel should let you surf the internet. Other normal programs are available in the menus. | |
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| Note that Ubuntu's Server Edition works quite differently in that it doesn't have a gui desktop so its LiveCD gets you to a working command-line rather than a working desktop - some other [[http://distrowatch.com | distros]] also run from the command-line rather than having a desktop. Anyway, from most Ubuntu LiveCD sessions Firefox on the top panel/taskbar should easily surf the internet and of course almost all the other normal programs are in the menu's along with one or two more. | After you have finished, shut the computer down and remove the CD. At this point anything you saved to the desktop or Documents folders and such will vanish - only things you saved into folders on the hard-drive will remain. This means that there won't be any trace of your personal data (e-mails, passwords etc.) left on the machine, which can be quite useful if you don't trust the Windows installation on the computer. |
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| After you have finished, shut the computer down and remove the CD. At this point anything you saved to the desktop or Documents folders and such will vanish - only things you saved into folders on the hard-drive will remain. | If you have troubles getting the working desktop but if it is still not behaving then try asking for help in [[https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+addquestion | Launchpad]] or use [[Signpost | Signpost Help]], or both. |
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| One reason why a LiveCD session is so useful on machines that don't belong to you is that none of your personal data nor emails nor traces of financial transactions remains on the machine. There will only be traces of on-line activity at the ISP, router, server and other monitoring systems. | |
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| Note that while the LiveCD doesn't give much space it is possible to install programs to a LiveCD session although these will be forgotten as soon as you switch the machine off. Still it can be handy for a few things such as installing and using an [[Antivirus | antivirus]] to deal with a Windows hard-drive without booting into that hard-drive, or for installing [[DataRecovery | data-recovery]] tools again without touching the hard-drive. Generally [[SwitchingToUbuntu/FromWindows | Windows]], [[SwitchingToUbuntu/FromMacOSX | Mac/Apple]] or perhaps even other [[SwitchingToUbuntu/FromLinux | Linux]] users might appreciate help from this guide: [[SynapticHowto|The Synaptic How-To]] While some packages, updates and things can be installed it is worth keeping this to a minimum unless you use a persistent image, even then you might want to show some restraint in order to keep more space free for your own use (rather than the OS's). <<Anchor(persistant-image)>> == Persistent Image, keeping your settings == If you want to save your LiveCD session to a USB stick, check [[LiveCDPersistence]]. A persistent image can give more space for installing packages and saving data. It also means programs and data don't get forgotten as soon as you shut down the machine :) |
You can install programs to a LiveCD session in the [[InstallingSoftware|normal way]], although these will be forgotten as soon as you switch the machine off. For example, you might install [[Antivirus | antivirus]] or [[DataRecovery | data-recovery]] tools to fix the system installed on the computer's hard drive. Because space is limited on a LiveCD, you should limit the number of packages you install or consider using a [[/Persistence|persistent image]]. |
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| ||<tablestyle="border: 0px solid black;" : style="border: 0px solid black;">{{attachment:ubuntu boot login.gif}}<<BR>>'''Figure 5:'' 10.04 login screen|| |
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| While linux systems are more secure than Windows it is worth noting that LiveCD sessions are not meant for long-term use nor for long sessions lasting for days. [[Antivirus|Antivirus]] |
While linux systems are more secure than Windows, LiveCD sessions are not meant for long-term use nor for sessions lasting several days. Because LiveCDs can't easily be updated, they may well be vulnerable to security issues discovered in the months since their release. They also can't protect you against scams such as [[WikiPedia:Phishing|phishing]]. If a criminal broke in to your live session, any changes he made to your session would be reset along with everything else when you reboot, although he could make permanent changes to the computer's hard drive. |
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| It is not a good idea to update a normal LiveCD session, because it will quickly run out of space. This means that known issues, exploits and vulnerabilities that are usually quickly patched in linux will be left open on the LiveCD. Also running a LiveCD session still leaves you vulnerable to phishing and also may allow a variety of attacks against your network or allow your machine to be used as a launch-place for a variety of attacks on other systems either on your network or externally. There are other security threats which i don't fully understand although some comments near the end of [[http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20090803&mode=67|this DistroWatch article]] and at the beginning of [[http://distrowatch.com/weekly.php?issue=20090810&mode=67|this DistroWatch article]] might explain some things. Mostly this will not be a problem because the OS and programs cannot be so easily subverted because the CD cannot be written to, a LiveUSB or use of a persistent image removes this protection but does allow updates to be applied. Anyway, as you have seen from the [[Antivirus | Antivirus link]] it is very rare for linux to suffer from security issues due to inherent design. Also there is no anti-malware industry depending on security flaws in order to generate income streams. While such problems might be incredibly rare and non-existent except in theoretical terms (especially in the Ubuntu LiveCD as opposed to most other distros LiveCD) it is worth being aware that there are issues to consider. A [[#persistent-image | persistent image]] removes a lot of the advantages of running a LiveCD session but does add back a lot more, especially in giving more space to allow for all the normal updates to be applied. |
A [[/Persistence | persistent image]] can be updated as new security issues emerge, but also lets any damage done to your computer persist across sessions. |
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| * [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/LiveCdRecovery | LiveCdRecovery ]] |
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Needs Expansion |
Introduction
A live CD can be used for a quick demo or test of Ubuntu. Try Ubuntu without any changes to your machine! Windows or whatever you use normally is unaffected after trying this and then rebooting.
The standard Ubuntu Cd can be used as a LiveCd as well as an installer. Live mode is the default option when booting from CD. Only some of the non-standard downloads (such as the "Alternate Cd") lack this functionality. Windows users might be familiar with the term 'boot CD' or 'bootable CD' or 'Recovery/Restore Media'. A "LiveCD" is more than that because it gives the option of running a normal desktop environment with all the normal programs and some extras. A LiveCD usually finds your wired internet connection and Firefox should be able to surf the internet into here.
This guide has screen-shots of the 8.04 and 10.04 Desktop Edition of Ubuntu. However, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Kubuntu and even unofficial Ubuntu-based distros as well as other versions all tend to have similar screens & menus.
Most distributions (versions or "distros" of Linux) have this LiveCd functionality on their installer CD, a few have a separate Cd to download. It is rare to find a distro that has no LiveCd session at all. Ubuntu tries to make their LiveCD the easiest to use. Although a LiveCD session is a good way to demo Ubuntu without making changes to a machine, a LiveCD will always be slower than a proper installation to the hard-drive. Cd-drives & Dvd-drives are physically slower than hard drives.
You can use a persistent image to keep data & settings safe after shut-down. This does go against many reasons for using a LiveCd session (rather than an installation) but it can be useful for multi-user machines, such as offices or in third world education projects.
Reasons for Using a LiveCD Session
LiveCD sessions are good to:
- give a 'demo' session on a machine before installing or upgrading
- checks hardware works as expected
check the look & feel of the distro
- repair or preparation for awkward installations
repair/replace/install grub perhaps after (re)installing Windows
fix Windows problems on a machine that doesn't have a dual-boot
anti-virus problems on a Windows system
resizing partitions to give Ubuntu more (or less) room
adding a new partition(s) to your hard-drive for other distros or for a new Windows
- preparing a machine for installing Ubuntu, if you are shy of using default or automatic settings or if the hardware is too unique or awkward
- 'showing off' Ubuntu to people on their own machine
- using on a random computer where access is limited
- a familiar desktop environment on an unfamiliar machine
safely using a computer which seems to have poor security or lacks privacy. This is particularly good if you have a Usb stick or something to save your data and settings on (see 'persistent image')
Other Ways to Try Ubuntu
LiveCDs are designed for people that want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few hours. If you want to carry a LiveCD around with you, a persistent image lets you customise your live session. If you want to use Ubuntu on a computer for a few weeks or months, Wubi lets you install Ubuntu inside Windows. If you want to use Linux on a computer permanently, dual-booting lets you install Window and Ubuntu (or which-ever distro) side-by-side on the same computer.
Because Wubi needs Windows and Ubuntu to co-operate, you have to deal with all the problems of both systems. For example, it's not easy to completely uninstall Wubi. An experienced linux user or someone with considerable technical knowledge about Windows might find it better to try Wubi in some certain circumstances where dual-booting is infeasible or inadvisable. See the Wubi guide for more information about Wubi, particularly how to uninstall it cleanly.
Dual-booting can be daunting at first, but tends to work better once you've got it set up. This allows Window & Ubuntu to work without relying on the other for anything, except the boot-loader. As you get more comfortable with Ubuntu, you can just forget about your Windows partition. Reinstalling Windows is quite tricky, so it's best to leave your Windows partition in place unless you're absolutely sure you'll never use Windows again.
How-To LiveCD Ubuntu
Preparing your LiveCD
You need to create, borrow, buy or request an Ubuntu CD or Usb-stick. Once you have an Ubuntu Cd or Usb it should work as an installer and as a !LiveCD or LiveUsb. There are some downloads, such as the Alternate Cd that cannot be used as !LiveCd/Usb.
To create a LiveCd
Download Ubuntu. For a live CD, avoid the "alternate CD" & the Server Edition because it has no desktop. For installing, using the alternate CD is a good idea, if installing using the standard CD does not work.
Make your own CD. Cheap "write once" CDs in packs of 10 or more are usually best. You could burn a new CD once every 6 months to get the latest version but all version are supported for 18 months and long time support releases for 3 years. You could also use the remaining CDs for trying out other distros Having a quick demo of other distros can help you understand Linux in general a LOT better a LOT faster, which helps you understand Ubuntu better.
To create a LiveUsb
The Usb stick needs to be 1Gb or more and there are 2 different pages giving advice. I prefer the first; Installation/FromUSBStick, Installation/FromImgFiles
To buy an Ubuntu Cd
The official Cannonical store, OnDisc, OSDisc or your local Ubuntu team might be able to help you find somewhere in your country from which to buy Ubuntu CDs. Also see GettingUbuntu for more information.
Using your LiveCD
Put the Ubuntu CD into the CD/DVD-drive and reboot the computer. You should see a menu with "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer" at the top. If you don't get this menu, read the booting From the CD guide for more information.
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Choose "Try Ubuntu without any change to your computer". You should get a desktop which we call a "LiveCD session". If you don't see a desktop, or need safe graphics mode, read the boot options for more information.
|
The Firefox icon on the top panel should let you surf the internet. Other normal programs are available in the menus.
After you have finished, shut the computer down and remove the CD. At this point anything you saved to the desktop or Documents folders and such will vanish - only things you saved into folders on the hard-drive will remain. This means that there won't be any trace of your personal data (e-mails, passwords etc.) left on the machine, which can be quite useful if you don't trust the Windows installation on the computer.
If you have troubles getting the working desktop but if it is still not behaving then try asking for help in Launchpad or use Signpost Help, or both.
Installing Programs or Other Packages
You can install programs to a LiveCD session in the normal way, although these will be forgotten as soon as you switch the machine off. For example, you might install antivirus or data-recovery tools to fix the system installed on the computer's hard drive. Because space is limited on a LiveCD, you should limit the number of packages you install or consider using a persistent image.
Making a Customised LiveCD
If you want to make custom Ubuntu-based Live CD, you should read the LiveCD Customisation HowTo. Without even starting from an existing Ubuntu CD you can make a customised live system, see LiveCD Customisation From Scratch.
Troubles with a LiveCD
Logging in
Sometimes a LiveCD might ask you for a user-name or password. Just leave these blank and press enter (or allow it to time-out).
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Security and Updating
While linux systems are more secure than Windows, LiveCD sessions are not meant for long-term use nor for sessions lasting several days. Because LiveCDs can't easily be updated, they may well be vulnerable to security issues discovered in the months since their release. They also can't protect you against scams such as phishing. If a criminal broke in to your live session, any changes he made to your session would be reset along with everything else when you reboot, although he could make permanent changes to the computer's hard drive.
A persistent image can be updated as new security issues emerge, but also lets any damage done to your computer persist across sessions.
Setting a Password
You can set a password during a LiveCD session by opening a terminal, and typing in:
$ sudo passwd ubuntu
Text-Mode Installation
If your normal installation fails without giving an error message, or if you want to install on a very limited system, you can use the text-based installer instead.